What do we know about proximity and distance in work groups?

Kiesler, S., & Cummings, J. N. (2002). What do we know about proximity and distance in work groups? A legacy of research. Distributed Work, 1, 57-80.

Summary

This article deals with the use of technology as it relates to working with distributed groups across distance. This work hypothesizes that performance of a group is dependent on tight coordination of individuals and cohesiveness of the group to which they belong. Within that hypothesis, it is further asserted that there are process and cohesion losses when the work is distributed. Those losses can be exacerbated by physical distance and social distance. If the physical distance includes geography, then social and cultural issues can impact group performance and relationships. To address these issues, the article proposes that a structured management approach bolstered by communications technology is a possible solution.

Experience

I experience this all the time at work. Almost all my teams work in a distributed fashion and in the past many team members have been in different geographies. This resulted in process loss and issues with cohesiveness. The structured management approach presented in the paper helped me to think more clearly about how I will handle situations where distance and distributed work may have impact on deliverables. I’m also much more cognizant about the types of communications technologies I employ based on team culture and needs.

KEYWORDS: Distributed groups, structured management, process loss, cohesion loss.